However, little is known about the device. Ī Japanese device called the "Computer Loan Machine" supplied cash as a three-month loan at 5% p.a. This was granted UK Patent 959,713 in June 1964 and assigned to Kins Developments Limited. In 1962 Adrian Ashfield invented the idea of a card system to securely identify a user and control and monitor the dispensing of goods or services. An experimental Bankograph was installed in New York City in 1961 by the City Bank of New York, but removed after six months due to the lack of customer acceptance. being acquired by Universal Match Corporation. The roll-out of this machine, called Bankograph, was delayed by a couple of years, due in part to Simjian's Reflectone Electronics Inc. His US patent was first filed on 30 June 1960 and granted on 26 February 1963. In 1960 Luther George Simjian invented an automated deposit machine (accepting coins, cash and cheques) although it did not have cash dispensing features. The idea of out-of-hours cash distribution developed from bankers' needs in Japan, Sweden, However, the use of ATMs is gradually declining with the increase in cashless payment systems. Customers are typically identified by inserting a plastic ATM card (or some other acceptable payment card) into the ATM, with authentication being by the customer entering a personal identification number (PIN), which must match the PIN stored in the chip on the card (if the card is so equipped), or in the issuing financial institution's database.Īccording to the ATM Industry Association (ATMIA), as of 2015, there were close to 3.5 million ATMs installed worldwide. If the currency being withdrawn from the ATM is different from that in which the bank account is denominated, the money will be converted at the financial institution's exchange rate. ATMs can also be used to withdraw cash in a foreign country. Using an ATM, customers can access their bank deposit or credit accounts in order to make a variety of financial transactions, most notably cash withdrawals and balance checking, as well as transferring credit to and from mobile phones.
ATMs that are not operated by a financial institution are known as " white-label" ATMs. Other terms include any time money, cashline, tyme machine, cash dispenser, cash corner, bankomat, or bancomat. In British English, the terms cashpoint, cash machine and hole in the wall are most widely used. In Canada, the term automated banking machine (ABM) is also used, although ATM is also very commonly used in Canada, with many Canadian organizations using ATM over ABM. Smaller indoor ATMs dispense money inside convenience stores and other busy areas, such as this off-premises Wincor Nixdorf mono-function ICA ATM in Sweden.Īn automated teller machine ( ATM) is an electronic telecommunications device that enables customers of financial institutions to perform financial transactions, such as cash withdrawals, deposits, funds transfers, balance inquiries or account information inquiries, at any time and without the need for direct interaction with bank staff.ĪTMs are known by a variety of names, including automatic teller machine (ATM) in the United States (sometimes redundantly as "ATM machine").
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